Joshua’s Charge to Israel’s Leaders

23 A long time afterward, when the Lord had given ^arest to Israel from all their surrounding enemies, and ^bJoshua was old and well advanced in years, 2 ^cJoshua summoned all Israel, its elders and heads, its judges and ^dofficers, and said to them, “I am now old and well advanced in years. 3 And you have seen all that the Lord your God has done to all these nations for your sake, for it is the Lord your God who has ^efought for you. 4 Behold, I have allotted to you as an inheritance for your tribes ^fthose nations that remain, along with all the nations that I have already cut off, from the Jordan to the Great Sea in the west. 5 ^gThe Lord your God will push them back before you and drive them out of your sight. And you shall possess their land, ^hjust as the Lord your God promised you. 6 Therefore, be very strong to keep and to ⁱdo all that is written in the Book of the Law of Moses, ^jturning aside from it neither to the right hand nor to the left, 7 that you may not ^kmix with these nations remaining among you or ^lmake mention of the names of their gods or ^mswear by them or serve them or bow down to them, 8 but you shall ⁿcling to the Lord your God just as you have done to this day. 9 For the Lord has driven out before you great and strong nations. And as for you, ^ono man has been able to stand before you to this day. 10 ^pOne man of you puts to flight a thousand, since it is the Lord your God who fights for you, ^qjust as he promised you. 11 Be very careful, therefore, to ^rlove the Lord your God. 12 For if you turn back and cling to the remnant of these nations remaining among you and make marriages with them, so that you associate with them and they with you, 13 know for certain that the Lord your God will ^sno longer drive out these nations before you, but they shall be a ^tsnare and a trap for you, a whip on your sides and thorns in your eyes, until you perish from off this good ground that the Lord your God has given you.

14 “And now ^uI am about to go the way of all the earth, and you know in your hearts and souls, all of you, that ^vnot one word has failed of all the good things¹ that the Lord your God promised concerning you. All have come to pass for you; not one of them has failed. 15 But just as ^wall the good things that the Lord your God promised concerning you have been fulfilled for you, so the Lord will bring upon you ^xall the evil things, until he has destroyed you from off this good land that the Lord your God has given you, 16 if you transgress the covenant of the Lord your God, which he commanded you, and go and serve other gods and bow down to them. Then the anger of the Lord will be kindled against you, and you shall perish ^yquickly from off the good land that he has given to you.”

The Covenant Renewal at Shechem

24 ^zJoshua gathered all the tribes of Israel to Shechem and summoned the elders, the heads, the judges, and the officers of Israel. And they presented themselves before God. 2 And Joshua said to all the people, “Thus says the Lord, the God of Israel, ^a‘Long ago, your fathers lived beyond the Euphrates,¹ Terah, the father of Abraham and of Nahor; and they served other gods. 3 ^bThen I took your father Abraham from beyond the River² and led him through all the land of Canaan, and made his offspring many. ^cI gave him Isaac. 4 And ^dto Isaac I gave Jacob and Esau. And ^eI gave Esau the hill country of Seir to possess, but ^fJacob and his children went down to Egypt. 5 ^gAnd I sent Moses and Aaron, ^hand I plagued Egypt with what I did in the midst of it, ⁱand afterward I brought you out.

6 ^j“‘Then I brought your fathers out of Egypt, and you came to the sea. ^kAnd the Egyptians pursued your fathers with chariots and horsemen to the Red Sea. 7 ^lAnd when they cried to the Lord, he put darkness between you and the Egyptians and made the sea come upon them and cover them; and your eyes saw what I did in Egypt. And you lived in the wilderness a long time. 8 ^mThen I brought you to the land of the Amorites, who lived on the other side of the Jordan. They fought with you, and I gave them into your hand, and you took possession of their land, and I destroyed them before you. 9 ⁿThen Balak the son of Zippor, king of Moab, arose and fought against Israel. And he sent and invited Balaam the son of Beor to curse you, 10 but I would not listen to Balaam. Indeed, he blessed you. So I delivered you out of his hand. 11 ^oAnd you went over the Jordan and came to Jericho, and ^pthe leaders of Jericho fought against you, ^qand also the Amorites, the Perizzites, the Canaanites, the Hittites, the Girgashites, the Hivites, and the Jebusites. And I gave them into your hand. 12 ^rAnd I sent the hornet before you, which drove them out before you, the two kings of the Amorites; it was not by your sword or by your bow. 13 ^sI gave you a land on which you had not labored and cities that you had not built, and you dwell in them. You eat the fruit of vineyards and olive orchards that you did not plant.’

Choose Whom You Will Serve

14 “Now therefore ^tfear the Lord and serve him in sincerity and in faithfulness. ^uPut away the ^vgods that your fathers served beyond the River and in Egypt, and serve the Lord. 15 And if it is evil in your eyes to serve the Lord, choose this day whom you will serve, whether the gods your fathers served in the region beyond the River, or the ^wgods of the Amorites in whose land you dwell. But as for me and my house, we will serve the Lord.”

16 Then the people answered, ^x“Far be it from us that we should forsake the Lord to serve other gods, 17 for it is the Lord our God who brought us and our fathers up from the land of Egypt, out of the house of slavery, and who did those great signs in our sight and preserved us in all the way that we went, and among all the peoples through whom we passed. 18 And the Lord drove out before us all the peoples, the Amorites who lived in the land. Therefore we also will serve the Lord, for he is our God.”

19 But Joshua said to the people, “You are not able to serve the Lord, for he is a ^yholy God. He is a ^zjealous God; ^ahe will not forgive your transgressions or your sins. 20 If you forsake the Lord and serve foreign gods, then he will turn and do you harm and consume you, ^bafter having done you good.” 21 And the people said to Joshua, “No, but ^cwe will serve the Lord.” 22 Then Joshua said to the people, “You are witnesses against yourselves that you have chosen the Lord, to serve him.” And they said, “We are witnesses.” 23 He said, “Then put away the foreign gods that are among you, and incline your heart to the Lord, the God of Israel.” 24 And the people said to Joshua, “The Lord our God we will serve, and his voice we will obey.” 25 So Joshua made a covenant with the people that day, and put in place statutes and rules for them at Shechem. 26 And Joshua wrote these words in the ^dBook of the Law of God. And he took a large stone and set it up there under the ^eterebinth that was by the sanctuary of the Lord. 27 And Joshua said to all the people, “Behold, this stone shall be a witness against us, for it has heard all the words of the Lord that he spoke to us. Therefore it shall be a witness against you, lest you deal falsely with your God.” 28 ^fSo Joshua sent the people away, every man to his inheritance.

Joshua’s Death and Burial

29 ^gAfter these things Joshua the son of Nun, the servant of the Lord, died, being 110 years old. 30 And they buried him in his own inheritance at Timnath-serah, which is in the hill country of Ephraim, north of the mountain of Gaash.

31 Israel served the Lord all the days of Joshua, and all the days of the elders who outlived Joshua and had known all the work that the Lord did for Israel.

32 As for the ^hbones of Joseph, ⁱwhich the people of Israel brought up from Egypt, they buried them at Shechem, in ^jthe piece of land that Jacob bought from the sons of Hamor the father of Shechem for a hundred pieces of money.³ It became an inheritance of the descendants of Joseph.

33 And Eleazar the son of Aaron died, and they buried him at Gibeah, the town of Phinehas his son, which had been given him in the hill country of Ephraim.

Judges

The Continuing Conquest of Canaan

1 ^aAfter the ^bdeath of Joshua, the people of Israel inquired of the Lord, ^c“Who shall go up first for us against the Canaanites, to fight against them?” 2 The Lord said, “Judah shall go up; behold, I have given the land into his hand.” 3 And Judah said to Simeon ^dhis brother, “Come up with me into ^ethe territory allotted to me, that we may fight against the Canaanites. And I likewise will go with you into ^fthe territory allotted to you.” So Simeon went with him. 4 Then Judah went up and the Lord gave the Canaanites and the Perizzites into their hand, and they defeated 10,000 of them at Bezek. 5 They found Adoni-bezek at Bezek and fought against him and defeated the Canaanites and the Perizzites. 6 Adoni-bezek fled, but they pursued him and caught him and cut off his thumbs and his big toes. 7 And Adoni-bezek said, “Seventy kings with their thumbs and their big toes cut off used to pick up scraps under my table. As I have done, so God has repaid me.” And they brought him to Jerusalem, and he died there.

8 ^gAnd the men of Judah fought against Jerusalem and captured it and struck it with the edge of the sword and set the city on fire. 9 And afterward the men of Judah went down to fight against the Canaanites who lived in the hill country, in the Negeb, and in the lowland. 10 And Judah went against the Canaanites who lived in Hebron (now the name of Hebron was formerly Kiriath-arba), and they defeated ^hSheshai and Ahiman and Talmai.

11 ⁱFrom there they went against the inhabitants of Debir. The name of Debir was formerly Kiriath-sepher. 12 And Caleb said, “He who attacks Kiriath-sepher and captures it, I will give him Achsah my daughter as wife.” 13 And Othniel the son of Kenaz, Caleb’s younger brother, captured it. And he gave him Achsah his daughter as wife. 14 When she came to him, she urged him to ask her father for a field. And she dismounted from her donkey, and Caleb said to her, “What do you want?” 15 She said to him, “Give me a blessing. Since you have given me the land of the Negeb, give me also springs of water.” And Caleb gave her the upper springs and the lower springs.

16 And the descendants of the Kenite, ^jMoses’ father-in-law, went up with the people of Judah from the ^kcity of palms into the wilderness of Judah, which lies in the Negeb near Arad, and they went and settled with the people. 17 And Judah went with Simeon his brother, and they defeated the Canaanites who inhabited Zephath and ^ldevoted it to destruction. ^mSo the name of the city was called Hormah.¹ 18 Judah also captured Gaza with its territory, and Ashkelon with its territory, and Ekron with its territory. 19 And the Lord was ⁿwith Judah, and he took possession of the hill country, but he ^ocould not drive out the inhabitants of the plain because they had ^pchariots of iron. 20 And Hebron was given to Caleb, ^qas Moses had said. ^rAnd he drove out from it the three sons of Anak. 21 But the people of Benjamin did not drive out the Jebusites ^swho lived in Jerusalem, so the Jebusites have lived with the people of Benjamin in Jerusalem ^tto this day.

22 The house of Joseph also went up against Bethel, and the Lord was with them. 23 And the house of Joseph scouted out Bethel. (Now the name of the city was formerly Luz.) 24 And the spies saw a man coming out of the city, and they said to him, “Please show us the way into the city, and ^uwe will deal kindly with you.” 25 And he showed them the way into the city. And they struck the city with the edge of the sword, ^vbut they let the man and all his family go. 26 And the man went to the land of the Hittites and built a city and called its name Luz. That is its name to this day.

Failure to Complete the Conquest

27 ^wManasseh did not drive out the inhabitants of Beth-shean and its villages, or Taanach and its villages, or the inhabitants of Dor and its villages, or the inhabitants of Ibleam and its villages, or the inhabitants of Megiddo and its villages, for the Canaanites persisted in dwelling in that land. 28 When Israel grew strong, they ^xput the Canaanites to forced labor, but did not drive them out completely.

29 And Ephraim did not drive out the Canaanites ^ywho lived in Gezer, so the Canaanites lived in Gezer among them.

30 Zebulun did not drive out the inhabitants of Kitron, or the inhabitants of Nahalol, so the Canaanites lived among them, but became subject to forced labor.

31 Asher did not drive out the inhabitants of Acco, or the inhabitants of Sidon or of Ahlab or of Achzib or of Helbah or of Aphik or of Rehob, 32 so the Asherites lived among the Canaanites, the inhabitants of the land, for they did not drive them out.

33 Naphtali did not drive out the inhabitants of Beth-shemesh, or the inhabitants of Beth-anath, so they lived among the Canaanites, the inhabitants of the land. Nevertheless, the inhabitants of Beth-shemesh and of Beth-anath became subject to forced labor for them.

34 The Amorites ^zpressed the people of Dan back into the hill country, for they did not allow them to come down to the plain. 35 The Amorites persisted in dwelling in Mount Heres, in Aijalon, and in Shaalbim, but the hand of the house of Joseph rested heavily on them, and they became subject to forced labor. 36 And the border of the Amorites ran from the ascent of Akrabbim, from Sela and upward.

Israel’s Disobedience

2 Now the ^aangel of the Lord went up from Gilgal to Bochim. And he said, ^b“I brought you up from Egypt and brought you into the ^cland that I swore to give to your fathers. I said, ^d‘I will never break my covenant with you, 2 and ^eyou shall make no covenant with the inhabitants of this land; ^fyou shall break down their altars.’ ^gBut you have not obeyed my voice. What is this you have done? 3 So now I say, ^hI will not drive them out before you, but they shall become ⁱthorns in your sides, and their gods shall be a snare to you.” 4 As soon as the angel of the Lord spoke these words to all the people of Israel, the people lifted up their voices and wept. 5 And they called the name of that place Bochim.¹ And they sacrificed there to the Lord.

The Death of Joshua

6 When Joshua ^jdismissed the people, the people of Israel went each to his inheritance to take possession of the land. 7 ^kAnd the people served the Lord all the days of Joshua, and all the days of the elders who outlived Joshua, who had ^lseen all the great work that the Lord had done for Israel. 8 And Joshua the son of Nun, the servant of the Lord, died at the age of 110 years. 9 And they buried him within the boundaries of his inheritance in Timnath-heres, in the hill country of Ephraim, north of the mountain of Gaash. 10 And all that generation also were gathered to their fathers. And there arose another generation after them who ^mdid not know the Lord or the work that he had done for Israel.

Israel’s Unfaithfulness

11 And the people of Israel ⁿdid what was evil in the sight of the Lord and served the Baals. 12 And they ^oabandoned the Lord, the God of their fathers, ^pwho had brought them out of the land of Egypt. They went after other gods, from among the ^qgods of the peoples who were around them, and ^rbowed down to them. And they provoked the Lord to anger. 13 They abandoned the Lord and served the Baals and the Ashtaroth. 14 So the ^sanger of the Lord was kindled against Israel, and he gave them over to ^tplunderers, who plundered them. And he ^usold them into the hand of their surrounding enemies, so that ^vthey could no longer withstand their enemies. 15 Whenever they marched out, the hand of the Lord was against them for harm, ^was the Lord had warned, and as the Lord had sworn to them. And they were in terrible distress.

The Lord Raises Up Judges

16 Then the Lord ^xraised up judges, who saved them out of the hand of those who plundered them. 17 Yet they did not listen to their judges, for they ^ywhored after other gods and bowed down to them. They ^zsoon turned aside from the way in which their fathers had walked, who had obeyed the commandments of the Lord, and they did not do so. 18 Whenever the Lord raised up judges for them, the Lord was ^awith the judge, and he saved them from the hand of their enemies all the days of the judge. For the Lord was ^bmoved to pity by their ^cgroaning because of those who afflicted and oppressed them. 19 But whenever the judge died, ^dthey turned back and were more corrupt than their fathers, going after other gods, serving them and bowing down to them. They did not drop any of their practices or their stubborn ways. 20 So the anger of the Lord was kindled against Israel, and he said, “Because this people have ^etransgressed my covenant that I commanded their fathers and have not obeyed my voice, 21 ^fI will no longer drive out before them any of the ^gnations that Joshua left when he died, 22 in order to ^htest Israel by them, whether they will take care to walk in the way of the Lord as their fathers did, or not.” 23 So the Lord left those nations, not driving them out quickly, and he did not give them into the hand of Joshua.

3 Now these are the nations that the Lord left, to test Israel by them, that is, all in Israel who had not experienced all the wars in Canaan. 2 It was only in order that the generations of the people of Israel might know war, to teach war to those who had not known it before. 3 These are the nations: the ⁱfive lords of the Philistines and all the Canaanites and the Sidonians and the Hivites who lived on Mount Lebanon, from Mount Baal-hermon as far as Lebo-hamath. 4 They were for the testing of Israel, to know whether Israel would obey the commandments of the Lord, which he commanded their fathers by the hand of Moses. 5 So the people of Israel lived among ^jthe Canaanites, the Hittites, the Amorites, the Perizzites, the Hivites, and the Jebusites. 6 And ^ktheir daughters they took to themselves for wives, and their own daughters they gave to their sons, and they served their gods.

Othniel

7 And the people of Israel did what was evil in the sight of the Lord. They ^lforgot the Lord their God and served the Baals and the Asheroth. 8 Therefore the ^manger of the Lord was kindled against Israel, and he sold them into the hand of Cushan-rishathaim king of Mesopotamia. And the people of Israel served Cushan-rishathaim eight years. 9 But when the people of Israel cried out to the Lord, the Lord ⁿraised up a deliverer for the people of Israel, who saved them, Othniel the son of Kenaz, Caleb’s younger brother. 10 ^oThe Spirit of the Lord was upon him, and he ^pjudged Israel. He went out to war, and the Lord gave Cushan-rishathaim king of Mesopotamia into his hand. And his hand prevailed over Cushan-rishathaim. 11 So the land had ^qrest for forty years. Then Othniel the son of Kenaz died.